An HWIL – Aviation Systems bridge is necessary to enable the Army to empower the American warfighters with reliable, state-of-the-art technology and to ensure that this technology remains a decisive advantage on the battlefield. This one-year bridge will provide critical HWIL - Aviation Systems engineering services life cycle support for the following: (1) manned and uncrewed systems (hardware, software, interfaces), subsystems, components, testbeds / laboratories / infrastructure, external interfaces/networks, and support equipment (e.g., avionics, communication /navigation / surveillance, flight controls, data buses, radios, sensors, seekers, weapon systems, data links, command and control, health monitoring systems, ground equipment, training systems); (2) concept research, requirements, design, development, accreditation, testing, systems of systems integration, operation, maintenance, and sustainment.